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Citation Guides
APA 7th Edition Guidelines
APA (American Psychological Association) style is commonly used in the social sciences. Key features include:
- Author-date citations in text (Smith, 2020)
- References listed alphabetically by author's last name
- Includes DOI when available
- Title case for book and journal titles
Book example: Smith, J. D. (2020). The complete guide to citation styles. Academic Press.
Journal example: Johnson, A. B., & Williams, C. D. (2019). Understanding citation methods. Journal of Academic Writing, 15(2), 123-145. https://doi.org/10.xxxx/xxxxx
Additional APA Resources
MLA 9th Edition Guidelines
MLA (Modern Language Association) style is commonly used in the humanities. Key features include:
- Author-page citations in text (Smith 45)
- Works Cited listed alphabetically by author's last name
- Includes publication medium (Print, Web, etc.)
- Title case for all titles
Book example: Smith, John D. The Complete Guide to Citation Styles. Academic Press, 2020.
Journal example: Johnson, Anna B., and Christopher D. Williams. "Understanding Citation Methods." Journal of Academic Writing, vol. 15, no. 2, 2019, pp. 123-45.
Additional MLA Resources
Chicago 17th Edition Guidelines
Chicago style offers two documentation systems: Notes-Bibliography and Author-Date. The Notes-Bibliography system is commonly used in humanities:
- Numbered footnotes or endnotes in text
- Bibliography listed alphabetically by author's last name
- Full publisher information
- Title case for all titles
Book example (bibliography): Smith, John D. The Complete Guide to Citation Styles. New York: Academic Press, 2020.
Journal example (bibliography): Johnson, Anna B., and Christopher D. Williams. "Understanding Citation Methods." Journal of Academic Writing 15, no. 2 (2019): 123-145.
Additional Chicago Resources
Harvard Style Guidelines
Harvard style is commonly used in the UK and Australia. Key features include:
- Author-date citations in text (Smith, 2020)
- Reference list arranged alphabetically by author's last name
- Full publisher information including city
- Sentence case for article titles
Book example: Smith, J.D. (2020) The complete guide to citation styles. New York: Academic Press.
Journal example: Johnson, A.B. and Williams, C.D. (2019) 'Understanding citation methods', Journal of Academic Writing, 15(2), pp. 123-145.